Evaluation of the Prevalence of HIV Co-Infections and the Related Risk Factors in HIV-Positive Cases in Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran during 2004– 2018

Background and Objectives: Immune deficiency syndrome is an epidemic disease. During immunodeficiency caused by HIV, infections such as tuberculosis, hepatitis B and hepatitis C may occur. Given that the transmission of these infections is similar to that of HIV, the risk of HIV infection with these infections is high. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of common HIV infections and the related risk factors in HIV positive individuals.   Method:This study was conducted as a retrospective cohort study performed on 3047 HIV patients at Imam Khomeini Counseling Center in Tehran who have been admitted in 2004 -2018.Required data were extracted from patient records and entered into Excel software. For data analysis, SPSS version 21 was used.   Results: The mean age of the patients was 44.24 ± 9.46 years and 77.3% of them were male. Of them, 98 (3.2%) were co-infected with hepatitis B, 961 (31.5%) were co-infected with hepatitis C, and 415 (13.6%) were co-infected with tuberculosis. According to the results, hepatitis B and hepatitis C had a significant  association with age, marital status, gender, education, prison history, history of injection, history of addiction, and needle sharing.   Conclusion: Due to the common route of HIV transmission and these infections, there is the possibility of co-infection. The demographic variables and behavioral factors are the most effective risk factors for developing co-infections.